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稀土固体超强酸

稀土固体超强酸的相关文献在2000年到2021年内共计79篇,主要集中在化学工业、化学、工业经济 等领域,其中期刊论文78篇、会议论文1篇、专利文献99235篇;相关期刊54种,包括昆明学院学报、稀土、广东化工等; 相关会议1种,包括2000年中国香料香精学术研讨会等;稀土固体超强酸的相关文献由123位作者贡献,包括林进、李德江、赵汝琪等。

稀土固体超强酸—发文量

期刊论文>

论文:78 占比:0.08%

会议论文>

论文:1 占比:0.00%

专利文献>

论文:99235 占比:99.92%

总计:99314篇

稀土固体超强酸—发文趋势图

稀土固体超强酸

-研究学者

  • 林进
  • 李德江
  • 赵汝琪
  • 付和清
  • 郭海福
  • 张小曼
  • 刘华亭
  • 崔秀兰
  • 杨秀利
  • 崔永春

稀土固体超强酸

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    • 摘要: 稀土固体超强酸催化剂不仅可以节约制备生物柴油的成本,还能减少对环境的破坏。生物柴油来自“地沟油”,是由动植物油脂、废弃油脂等与CH3OH等短链醇经过酯化、酯交换反应获得后加工而来的。由于其燃烧效率高、可降解、可再生的优点被认为是化石燃料理想的替代能源。目前,生物柴油的主要制备方法是使用液态的酸或碱作为催化剂进行同质催化反应,生产过程会消耗大量的水和燃料,并产生酸性废水,因此成本上相比化石燃料要高得多。而掺杂了稀土元素的固体超强酸催化剂有更好的催化效率并能够重复使用,可以大大节约制备生物柴油的成本,减少对环境的破坏。
    • 刘建平; 吴丽丽; 张俊俊; 徐培飞
    • 摘要: Tributyl citrate(TBC) was synthesized by reaction of citric acid with n-butanol using rare earth solid su⁃peracid S2O82-/ZrO2-La2O3 as the catalyst. Effects of La content on the catalyst structures were determined by using XRD and FT-IR. Effects of catalyst dosage, molar ratio of n-butanol to citric acid, reaction time on the esterifica⁃tion rates were explored by orthogonal experiment. Results show that the catalyst can present the best behavior un⁃der concentration of the La content of 0.07 mol·L-1. The optimum synthesis condition of TBC adds 4 times of n-bu⁃tanol to citric acid, under the condition of temperature 175°Cfor 180 min using 2.0 wt%catalyst, with the yield of ester reaching 98.27%. The catalyst can be reused for 5 times without significant decline in its behavior. The struc⁃ture of the product was qualitatively analyzed by refractive index, FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR.%以柠檬酸和正丁醇为原料,在稀土超强酸S2O82-/ZrO2-La2O3的催化下合成柠檬酸三丁酯。通过XRD和红外光谱确定了稀土元素La的掺量对催化剂结构的影响,用正交优化实验优化了催化剂用量、酸醇摩尔比、反应时间等对酯化率的影响。实验结果表明:La掺量为0.07 mol·L-1所得催化剂性能最佳,柠檬酸三丁酯最优催化合成条件为反应温度175°C,醇酸摩尔比4.0∶1,催化剂用量为柠檬酸质量的2.0%,反应时间180 min,酯化率可达98.27%。催化剂可循环使用5次而不会明显降低活性。经折光率、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和碳谱测定,所合成产物为柠檬酸三丁酯。
    • 陈琼芬; 李法社; 胡平; 冯宗红; 许艳松; 杜威
    • 摘要: 采用稀土固体超强酸SO2-4/TiO2/La3+为催化剂,对没食子酸和异丁醇催化酯化合成没食子酸异丁酯的影响因素及没食子酸异丁酯的抗氧化性能进行了研究。试验结果表明:异丁醇和没食子酸摩尔比为40:1、反应温度为75°C、催化剂用量为5%和反应时间为3.5 h时产率最高;在此最优条件下进行催化剂再生重复循环试验,证明稀土固体超强酸SO2-4/TiO2/La3+具有良好的循环使用性能,可再生重复使用。没食子酸异丁酯对植物油脂及其生物柴油均具有较好的抗氧化性能,抗氧化效果十分明显。%The factors affecting the synthesis and oxidation resistance of isobutyl gallate mixed with gallic acid and isobutyl alcohol were studied using rare earth solid superacid SO2-4/TiO2/La3+as the catalyst. The result of the experiments showed that the reaction condition of the highest esterification rate had a 40:1 molar ratio of alcohol to acid, a reaction temperature of 75°C, the catalyst amount was 5% and the reaction time was 3.5 hours. The test of the catalyst's reusing and regeneration in this condition proved that rare earth solid superacid SO2-4/TiO2/La3+has a good cycle performance. The results also showed that the isobutyl gallate had excellent oxidation resistance to vegetable oil and biodiesel.
    • 刘佳; 邵倩; 杨雄发; 曹诚; 陈忠红; 来国桥
    • 摘要: 二甲基含氢硅油是制备二甲基硅橡胶不可缺少的原料,其性能对硅橡胶性能有较大影响。针对二甲基含氢硅油传统制备方法存在的缺点,本文中采用高活性、便于处理、能重复利用、低腐蚀性的稀土固体超强酸SO42-/Ti O2/Ln3+催化八甲基环四硅氧烷(D4)与1,3,5,7-四氢-1,3,5,7-四甲基环四硅氧烷(D4H)开环共聚合,制备了二甲基含氢硅油。系统考察了共聚合反应的规律,并探索了所得产物在加成型硅橡胶制备中的应用。结果表明,用SO42-/Ti O2/Nd3+做催化剂,[SO42-]=1.85 mol/L,[Nd3+]=0.05 mol/L时,在80°C聚合60 min,获得的二甲基含氢硅油收率为87.9%,相对分子质量为4.23×104,相对分子质量分布指数为3.07。当单体按照D4H/(D4H+D4)=30%,共聚单体与封端剂摩尔比为178.5∶1时,所得硅橡胶性能最佳。
    • 薛俊礼; 杨英杰; 奚洪民
    • 摘要: 通过稀土固体超强酸作催化剂,对乙酸与低级醇的酯化反应进行研究.结果表明,三元稀土固体超强酸S2O2-/Nd2O3-ZrO2-Al2O3具有优良的催化性能,其它最佳条件为:酸醇摩尔比为1∶2,催化剂用量0.75 g,乙酸用量0.1 mol,反应时间3h.在此条件下,酯化率可达到96.16%,催化剂重复使用3次以内,酯化率仍可达到92%以上.
    • 林谦; 陈秀宇
    • 摘要: Tri (n-amyl) citrate was synthesized from citric acid and n-amyl alcohol using selfCmade rareearth solid excess strong acid SO4^2-/TiO2/La^3+、SO4^2-/SnO2/La^3+、SO4^2-/ZrO2/La^3+、SO4^2-/Fe2O3/La^3+. Effects of different factors on the reaction were investigated by single-factor and orthogonal experiment. Experiment shows : when file ration of citric acid to n-amyl alcohol molar is 1 : 4. 0, the amount of catalyst is 4% of the total citric acid,the catalyst activation temperature is 250 °C, the reaction temperature is 140 - 150 °C ,and the reaction time is 3 h ,Tri( n-amyl ) citrate yield of 97.3% was attained. When the catalyst was repetitively used, the active didn't reduce obviously. The product was identified by IR and the purity determined by GC is over 99%.%以柠檬酸和正戊醇为原料,采用自制的稀土固体超强酸SO4^2-/TiO2/La^3+、SO4^2-/SnO2/La^3+、SO4^2-/ZrO2/La^3+、SO4^2-/Fe2O3/La^3+为催化剂催化合成增塑剂柠檬酸三戊酯.通过单因素和正交实验考察了各反应因素对反应酯化率的影响.实验表明:当柠檬酸与正戊醇摩尔比为1:4.0、S04^2-/TiO2/La^3+催化剂用量为柠檬酸总量的4%、催化荆活化温度为250°C、反应温度140-150°C和反应时间3.0h条件下,柠檬酸三戊酯的酯化率可达到97.3%,催化剂重复使用多次,活性未见明显降低.产品经红外光谱定性分析,纯度经气相色谱分析大于99%.
    • 闫鹏; 郭海福; 陈志胜; 王赵志; 李顺华
    • 摘要: 以工业棕榈酸和甲醇为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备稀土固体超强酸催化剂SO42-/SnO2-CeO2,催化合成生物柴油.考察了稀土氧化铈添加量、焙烧温度、焙烧时间、硫酸浓度、醇酸质量比、催化剂用量和反应时间对酯化反应的影响.结果表明,当氧化铈添加量为5%时,在2.0mol/L硫酸浸渍后,于550°C下焙烧3 h制备的催化剂性能最好.正交试验结果表明,合成生物柴油的优化条件为醇酸质量比为15:25,催化剂用量为棕榈酸质量的4%,反应时间为4h,在此条件下,酯化率为95.4%.经GC-MS分析,酯产物主要为直链十六烷酸甲酯和10-十八碳烯酸甲酯.%Biodiesel was synthesized by industrial palmitic acid and methanol, using solid superacid catalyst SO42-/SnO2-CeO2 which was prepared by sol-gel method. Effects of the mole fraction of CeO2 in SnO2-CeO2, the calcination temperature and the time of calcination, the concentration of sulphuric acid, the mass ratio of methanol to industrial palmitic acid, the catalyst dosage and the reaction time on the esterification were investigated. The results showed that SO42-/SnO2CeO2 exhibited better activity under the conditions of the dosage of CeO2 (based on total mole of SnO2-CeO2) of 5%, the calcination temperature of 550 °C, the calcination time of 3 h, and the concentration of sulfuric acid solution of 2.0 mol/L. The orthogonal test results showed that the optimal reaction conditions of synthesizing biodiesel were as follows: the mass ratio of methanol to palmitic acid was 15:25, the catalyst quantity was 4.0% of the palmitic acid, the reaction time was 4 h, the esterification rate was 95.4%. Analysis result of GC-MS showed that the ester products were mainly hexadecanoic acid methyl ester and 10-octadecenoic acid methyl ester.
    • 饶蔚兰; 潘志权; 向守信
    • 摘要: Nanometer hybrid rare earth solid superacid was prepared by sol-gel method. Tetrabutyl titanate was hydrolyzed and condensation polymerized, then doped with rare earth elements of Ce and La, respectively, by immersion process, and activated under certain temperatures to give a nanometer hybrid rare earth solid superacid catalyst. The structure and morphology of samples were characterized by FT-IR, SEM, and XRD. The results show that the SO4" is bonded to the metal oxide by bridged bidentate coordination mode. XRD shows the crystal form is anatase, and SEM reveals the catalyst is globular shape. It also proves that the rare earth solid superacid catalysts exhibit high catalytic activity for the esterification of stearic acid. The precursor soaked in the solution c ( Ce4+ ) = 0. 12 mol/L, c ( H2 SO4) = 1.0 mol/L and the solution c ( La3+ ) = 0.07 mol/L, c( H2SO4 ) = 1. 25 mol/L for 10 ~ 14 h, then calcinated at 500 ~ 550 °C for 3 h to obtain the solid superacid catalysts. Under the optimum conditions, the yields of esterification can reach 97. 8% and 96.7% , respectively, by using these catalysts.%采用溶胶-凝胶法以钛酸四丁酯为原料,经水解缩聚再缩聚,并用浸渍法添加稀土Ce和La,一定温度焙烧后制得稀土掺杂纳米二氧化钛固体超强酸.红外光谱表明,该固体超强酸中SO2-4以桥式双配位与金属氧化物结合,XRD证明固体超强酸为锐钛矿型,SEM图像证明超强酸颗粒为球形.将该超强酸用于硬脂酸与正丁醇的酯化反应,显示出很高的催化活性.经0.12 mol/L Ce4+的硫酸(1.0 mol/L)溶液、0.07 mol/L La3+的硫酸( 1.25 mol/L)溶液浸渍10~14 h后,500~550°C温度下焙烧3h的超强酸,催化硬脂肪酸正丁酯反应的酯化率分别达到97.8%和96.7%.
    • 闫鹏; 郭海福; 王赵志; 陈志胜; 郝向英
    • 摘要: 采用沉淀-浸渍法制备了新型稀土固体超强酸SO42-/SnO2-Al2O3-Sm2O3,通过IR、TG等手段对其进行了表征分析,应用于合成丁醛乙二醇缩醛,考察其催化性能,较系统地研究了稀土氧化物种类、用量、焙烧温度、焙烧时间、浸渍液浓度等因素对产品收率的影响。实验结果表明适宜的催化剂制备条件为:稀土氧化钐含量为3%,焙烧温度550°C,焙烧时间3 h,浸渍液硫酸浓度为3mol/L。稀土氧化钐的引入有效地稳定了催化活性中心,抑制了催化剂的失活。
    • 陈秀宇; 吴萍萍
    • 摘要: 以稀土固体超强酸SO2-4/TiO2/La3+为催化剂,柠檬酸和正辛醇为原料合成柠檬酸三辛酯,考察了影响反应的因素,并对合成的产品进行红外光谱分析.结果表明,加入0.05 mol柠檬酸,醇与酸物质的量之比为5.5:1,催化剂用量1.0 g,反应温度为170~180 °C,反应时间60 min时,酯化率可达97.7%.该催化剂易于回收,且可重复使用,催化效果好、操作简单、无环境污染等.
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