摘要:
纸喷雾质谱法是一种新型的敞开式质谱技术,其以低价易处理的纸为载体,将样品加在三角形的纸上,通过施加高电压,目标分子在电场的驱动下到达纸尖,瞬间气化形成电喷雾,样品离子化后进入质谱进行分析.它具有敞开式质谱法和电喷雾电离技术的特点,可以在开放式大气压环境下对样品或样品表面的物质进行分析,分析成本低、高通量、简便、实时、快速,可简化工作流程,提高质谱仪器的易用性.本文从纸喷雾质谱法的原理出发,介绍了影响其电离效率的主要因素(如载体基质,溶剂系统,洗脱方式等),并对近几年该技术的改进和发展,及其在生物样品检测、植物化学分析、品种鉴别、食品安全和环境分析等领域的应用进行了综述,全面介绍了该项技术的特点和优势.多项研究证明纸喷雾质谱法是一个应用面广泛,具有很大发展前景的分析技术,对其开展研究工作十分有意义.最后讨论了纸喷雾质谱法存在的不足,并提出了相关改进的设想.%Paper spray ionization mass spectrometry (PSI-MS) is a new technology of mass spectrometry.This method uses low-cost paper as the carrier,and solid or liquid sample is added to a triangular paper substrate.Through the application of high voltage,the target molecules in the high voltage electric field are driven to reach the paper tip,then a charged spray for PSI-MS is generated.This technology combines the characteristics of ambient mass spectrometry (AMS) and electrospray ionization (ESI) technology,and can analyze sample or substance attached to the sample surface in an open atmospheric environment.It has many advantages such as low cost,high throughput,simple,real-time and fast,and it can also simplify the work processes,improving the usability of mass spectrometry equipment.Herein,a general overview of PSI-MS is given in this paper,including the principle,influencing factors (paper substrate,spray solution,elution mode,and internal standard),the improvement and development of the technology,and corresponding applications in various fields (i.e.biological samples,phytochemistry,variety identification,food safety,and environmental analysis) in recent years.Characteristics and advantages of this technology are introduced in details.A number of studies have proved that PSI-MS is a widely used analytical technique with great prospects.Finally,the shortcomings of PSI-MS in terms of accurate quantification,carrier selection and field analysis are discussed,and some ideas for its improvement are put forward.