摘要:
目的 探讨宫颈裂伤发生的相关危险因素以及宫颈裂伤对产妇围产期的影响,进一步提高围产期保健质量.方法 选取2014~2016年于华北理工大学附属医院产科住院分娩的产妇,其中有宫颈裂伤的193例为病例组,同期分娩的无宫颈裂伤193例为对照组.比较两组产妇一般情况、新生儿指标、分娩前、分娩时及分娩后情况,筛选并判定宫颈裂伤发生的危险因素.结果 观察期间共有3117例产妇住院分娩,宫颈裂伤193例,发生率为6.19 %.初产妇、新生儿体重、合并阴道炎、有宫颈治疗史、使用催产素、宫颈水肿、人工破膜、急产、会阴侧切、低年资助产士接生与宫颈裂伤有显著相关性(P<0.05).结论 初产妇、新生儿体重、合并阴道炎、有宫颈治疗史、使用催产素、宫颈水肿、人工破膜、急产、会阴侧切、低年资助产士等因素为宫颈裂伤发生的重要危险因素.在临床上规范操作及产前保健对预防宫颈裂伤有一定作用,有助于产妇围产期保健.%Objective To investigate the related factors of cervical laceration and the influence of cervical laceration on the perinatal period,and to improve the medical quality of the perinatal period. Methods Selected maternal in North China University of Technology Affiliated Hospital from 2014 to 2016,in which 193 cases with cervical laceration were the study group while 193 cases with no cervical laceration during the same period were the control group. Compared the two groups of maternal general situation,neonatal indicators,situation before and after delivery, screened and determined the risk factors for cervical laceration. Results During the observation period,there were 3 117 cases of hospital delivery and 193 cases of cervical laceration,with the incidence rate of 6.19%. Primipara,neonatal weight,combined with vaginitis,cervical treatment history,the use of oxytocin,cervical edema,artificial rupture of membranes,rapid delivery,episiotomy, low years of funding, birth and cervical laceration were significantly related(P<0.05). Conclusion Primipara,neonatal weigh,vaginitis,cervical treatment history,use of oxytocin,cervical edema,artificial rupture of membrane,acute delivery,episiotomy and junior nurses are important risk factors of cervical laceration. In clinical practice, standardized operation and prenatal health care have certain effects on preventing cervical laceration, and are helpful for maternal perinatal care.