Switching

摘要： The main purpose of the electrical power system is to transport and distribute energy generated by the central power plants in a safe and reliable manner to the customer premises. Most of the electrical equipment is exposed within the open which suggests they can be vulnerable to lightning strikes, road dwindling, windstorms, and a few engineering activities with the potential of causing different degrees of damage to the electrical equipment. One of the ways to guard the equipment is to deploy switching devices. However, the operations of most of these switching devices produce oscillatory transient in the electrical transmission and distribution systems which result in voltage, current, and frequency fluctuations in the load. This paper investigates the effect of switching devices on power quality and proposes a positive sequence voltage power transient suppression technique that can spontaneously improve the distorted voltage at the instant of capacitor switching using the capacitor line model as a case study. MATLAB/Simulink software was utilized for the analysis on an electrical network model with bus voltages of 69 kV/12.47 kV and 480 V. The results showed that, during switching operations, the positive sequence voltage power detector block produces ripple-free accurate results.

摘要： Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) provide adequate glycemic control, weight reduction, low risk of hypoglycemia, and CV risk reduction. Their usage for type 2 DM (T2DM) is recommended mainly when hypoglycemia or weight gain should be considered, also, whenever initial therapy is failed. There are many recent updates in the treatment paradigm of T2DM. There are many types of GLP-1RAs, with a knowledge gap regarding switching between the different types. A Saudi task force gathered to develop an explicit, evidence-based consensus for switching between GLP-1RAs, when, why, and how? This article contains the expert panel’s recommendations as a contribution to complement the knowledge gap in this area from the national perspective. As an alternative to intensifying therapy, switching from one GLP-1RA to another has various advantages. Improvements in glycemic control, weight loss, adherence, and medications with established cardiovascular benefits are among them. Also, switching needs to be individualized upon many discussed factors like the dose of the previous GLP1-RA and gastrointestinal adverse effects. Discussion with patients about the why and how to switch is critical.

摘要： The orbital angular momentum(OAM)of light has been implemented as an information carrier in OAM holography.Holographic information can be multiplexed in theoretical unbounded OAM channels,promoting the applications of optically addressable dynamic display and high-security optical encryption.However,the frame-rate of the dynamic extraction of the information reconstruction process in OAM holography is physically determined by the switching speed of the incident OAM states,which is currently below 30 Hz limited by refreshing rate of the phase-modulation spatial light modulator(SLM).Here,based on a cross convolution with the spatial frequency of the OAM-multiplexing hologram,the spatial frequencies of an elaborately-designed amplitude distribution,namely amplitude decoding key,has been adopted for the extraction of three-dimensional holographic information encoded in a specific OAM information channel.We experimentally demonstrated a dynamic extraction frame rate of 100 Hz from an OAM multiplexing hologram with 10 information channels indicated by individual OAM values from-50 to 50.The new concept of cross convolution theorem can even provide the potential of parallel reproduction and distribution of information encoded in many OAM channels at various positions which boosts the capacity of information processing far beyond the traditional decoding methods.Thus,our results provide a holographic paradigm for high-speed 3D information processing,paving an unprecedented way to achieve the high-capacity short-range optical communication system.

摘要： Self-reconfigurable batteries represent a new and promising technique of electrochemical storage. The application of self-reconfigurable batteries can resolve the challenge of efficient renewable storage in solar-powered installations. In this paper, the problem of solar panel’s Maximum Power Point (MPP) tracking utilizing self-reconfigurable batteries is explored through modeling. The efficiency of energy storage is improved by removing the intervening DC/DC converter, which is usually necessary for solar PV applications. To make such a system functional, a Switching Battery Management System (SBMS) is proposed instead of a traditional couple of DC/DC converter and usual BMS. This system allows the series connection of multiple battery modules of different sizes, States-of-Charge (SoC), and States-of-Health (SoH). Two main challenges arise by the proposed implementation: tracking MPP of solar panels through battery cell switching and maintaining an equal (balanced) SoC of the separate cells/modules. The theoretical investigation includes developing the distinct software parts: digital twins of the battery module and solar PV modules that interact with the SBMS and the algorithm according to which the proposed SBMS will operate. The SBMS algorithm, based on sorting the battery cells according to their SoC, resolves both challenges. Having this promising theoretical starting point, a working prototype was developed. The prototype worked as expected and was tested under field conditions, being integrated into the power grid as part of a virtual power plant.

摘要： Withdrawal:[Hung-Yang Lo,Chun-Wei Huang,Chun-Chien Chiu,Jui-Yuan Chen,Fang-Chun Shen,Che-Hung Wang,Yen-Jung Chen,Chien-Hua Wang,Jan-Chi Yang,Wen-Wei Wu Revealing Resistive Switching Mechanism in CaFeO_(x) Perovskite System with Electroforming-Free and Reset Voltage-Controlled Multilevel Resistance Characteristics,Energy&Environmental Materials 2022 eem2.12430(https://doi.org/10.1002/eem2.12430)].

摘要： 4月2日,日本船级社(ClassNK)公布了“符合2020年硫排放法规的船用燃料油指导方针”(Guidance for onhoard use of Compliant Fuel Oil with SOx regulation from 2020)以及转换成合规燃料的实施计划范例(an implementation plan sample for switching to compliant fuel oil).

摘要： This paper documents design and modeling of a grid-connected emergency back-up power supply for medium power applications. Back-up power supplies are very important in regard to support electrical loads in the events of grid power outage. However, grid-integration of a back-up power supply substantiates continual power transfer to the loads, especially to the critical loads, which should not suffer from power interruptions. Therefore, design and circuit modeling of switching converters based reliable grid-tied emergency back-up power supply are presented in this paper. There are a rectifier-link boost derived battery charging circuit and a 4-switch push-pull power inverter circuit which are controlled by high frequency pulse width modulation (PWM) signals. This paper presents a state averaging model and Laplace domain transfer function of the charging circuit and a switching converter model of the power inverter circuit. A changeover relay based transfer switch controls the power flow towards the utility loads. During off-grid situations, loads are fed power by the proposed inverter circuit and during on-grid situations, battery is charged by an ac-link rectifier-fed boost converter. However, there is a relay switching circuit to control the charging phenomenon of the battery. The proposed design is simulated in PLECS and the simulation results corroborate the reliability of the presented framework.

摘要： Purpose: Fixed-combination medication to treat glaucoma can reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) without negative effects of concomitant medication. Tafluprost/timolol fixed-combination ophthalmic solution (TTFC) has been reported to show similar effectiveness in lowering IOP, compared with concomitant use of its component drugs, tafluprost and timolol. However, the difference in IOP-lowering effects between TTFC and concomitant use of tafluprost and gel-forming timolol is unknown. Hence, we conducted this switching study from tafluprost and gel-forming timolol to TTFC in glaucoma patients undergoing multi-drug therapy. Design: Multi-center, open-label, interventional clinical study. Methods: Twenty-eight patients (28 eyes;safety analysis set) with primary open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension, who had completed the 4-week-concomitant phase of tafluprost and gel-forming timolol, were treated for 8 weeks with TTFC. IOP, adherence, ocular surface safety, and the usability of ophthalmic solution were compared before and after switching. This study was approved by the ethics committees of Kitasato University Hospital and all other study sites. All patients provided written informed consent to participate. Results: IOP at 8 weeks after switching was significantly lower than before switching (P = 0.0001) in the efficacy analysis set (n = 24). The self-reported adherence rate remained high after switching;moreover, there was no meaningful change in ocular surface safety. Patient questionnaires regarding usability of medication revealed that 85.7% of patients preferred their instillation prescription after switching, including TTFC. Among the safety analysis set (n = 28), no adverse events were reported in relation to the study drug. Conclusion: TTFC showed greater IOP reduction than concomitant therapy. Thus, TTFC may be a better option in glaucoma patients than concomitant therapy.

摘要： Space-division multiplexing （SDM） technique has attracted increasing attentions recently, be-cause it provides an effective way to increase transmission capacity. With the continuous and exponentialincrease in data demands, high-density integration of silicon photonie components is of significant interestin terms of link price, performance and power consumption. The multimode/mutlicore devices applied toachieve diverse functionalities are key building blocks to construct a chip-scale SDM system based on a siliconon insulator （SOI） platform. This study reviews the recent progress of multimode/multicore devices, whichenable coupling, multiplexing/demultiplexing, transmitting switching, as well as modulation and detection.Based on these devices, a complete on-chip SDM system is constructed and discussed.

摘要： Emerging resistive switching random access memory （RRAM）, considered as the most promisingcandidate of flash memory, is favorable for in flexible electronic system. However, in high density flexiblecrossbar RRAM array, crosstalk issue that currents from the neighboring unselected cell lead to failure ofwrite and read operations, still keeps a main bottleneck. Therefore, flexible selector compatible with theflexibility of the RRAM array should be focused on to configure one selector-one resistor （1S1R） system,which is immune to crosstalk issue. In this paper, flexible cation-based threshold switching （TS） selectors（Pt/Ag/HfO2/Pt/Ti/parylene） are fabricated and the compressive performance is studied systematically.The device shows excellent bidirectional volatile TS characteristics, including high selectivity ratio （109）, lowoperating voltages （tVTHt〈1 V）, ultra-low leakage current （-10^-13 A） and good flexibility. The successfuldemonstration of the wire connected 1S1R unit comprising this flexible selector and one bipolar resistor cellindicates the great potential of this cation-based selector to restrain the crosstalk issue in a large flexibleRRAM array.

摘要： 本文简单介绍了IP switching 技术和MPOA技术，讨论了这两种技术的优缺点，并分析了两种技术适合的应用环境。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种SAS Switch整机柜上抓取SAS Switch寄存器数据的方法，所述方法在Linux系统下，利用telnet协议访问SAS Switch 命令行，并对SAS Switch端口各个PHY值进行读取。本发明方法是一种更加高效、节约时间同时对SAS Switch 端口各个PHY值进行长时间自动化读取的方法。此方法不仅在测试工作中提高了工作效率，对SAS Switch的工作监控也提供了便捷，实用性强。

摘要： 本发明特别涉及一种SAS Switch整机柜上抓取SAS Switch寄存器数据的方法。该SAS Switch整机柜上抓取SAS Switch寄存器数据的方法，利用telnet访问SAS Switch命令行，对SAS Switch端口各个PHY值对应的中断寄存器及中断事件寄存器进行中断向量的清除；对SAS Switch端口各个PHY值对应的中断寄存器及中断事件寄存器写入1来读取当前寄存器的数据，并加入循环反复读取，在多次读取数据之后写入0xffffffff清除寄存器中的中断向量，实现定时读取。该SAS Switch整机柜上抓取SAS Switch寄存器数据的方法，能够快速简便的利用telnet访问SAS Switch命令行并同时进行大量的反复读取，能够实现对SAS Switch节点各个端口的PHY值的反复自动化读取和对对应的寄存器的长时间监控，从而确保了测试效率，为SAS Switch的工作监控也提供了便捷，具有较强的实用性。

摘要： 本发明公开一种高驱动Sense‑Switch型pFLASH开关单元结构及其制备方法，属于微电子集成电路领域。通过浮栅电荷共享的方式实现编程/擦除管对信号传输管的开关态，实现电荷共享方式为BTBT编程和FN擦除方式；所述FLASH开关单元是制作在硅基的深N阱中，并将信号传输管与编程/擦除管的有源区有效隔离；所述FLASH开关单元的栅氧层下方信号传输管有源区存在多个绝缘沟槽，能够提供更大的电流；所述信号传输管栅氧层与编程/擦除管的隧道氧化层是同膜层，是采用低压掺N氧化工艺实现；其余均采用业界标准工艺制作完成。本发明兼容于CMOS工艺，不仅具有良好的电荷保持特性、耐久性、阈值窗口宽，而且具有抗总剂量能力强、编程效率高、驱动能力强等优点。

摘要： 本发明提供了一种PCIe Switch的端口测试管理方法和装置，该方法包括：将多个PCIe Switch进行级联连接；将与级联连接的PCIe Switch相关联的多个虚拟EP设备进行统一编号，并将所有C代码进行整合；从多个虚拟EP设备中确定触发设备，通过触发设备对目标设备执行输入输出业务，以发起对目标端口的测试。本发明将PCIe Switch的多个虚拟EP进行统一管理，便于各个方向数据流的全覆盖验证，适用于PCIe Switch的多端口功能遍历和压力测试。

摘要： 本发明提供了一种PCIe Switch芯片工作模式切换方法、系统、存储介质及设备，方法包括：生成PCIe Switch芯片的配置文件，解析该配置文件并将解析出的配置数据烧写到定制分区；向所述定制分区分配定制管脚的定制赋值；响应于PCIe Switch芯片的固件程序的启动，在初始化阶段读取该定制管脚的实际值；响应于该定制管脚的实际值与该定制赋值相对应，从该定制分区中读取配置索引，并且响应于该定制管脚的实际值与该定制赋值不相对应，将该实际值赋值给配置索引；基于该配置索引读取相应的配置数据以设置该PCIe Switch芯片的工作模式。基于本发明提供了一种PCIe switch芯片工作模式可灵活配置的技术方案，解决了只能通过固件版本升级才能切换芯片工作模式的问题。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种Intel网卡连接Switch拓展网口的方法与终端；本发明在检测到所述Switch交换芯片与所述Intel网卡的mdio接口连接后，为Intel网卡安装预设的驱动程序，所述驱动程序用于访问所述Switch交换芯片；对所述Switch交换芯片进行初始化，配置所述交换Switch交换芯片的网口标签类型，使Switch为每个网口设置不同的标签；为所述Switch交换芯片的每个网口注册一个网络设备，并为每个网络设备指定报文发送函数；根据所述Switch交换芯片上每个网口的标签、网口所对应的网络设备信息以及报文发送函数来接收和发送数据；通过为Switch上的网口分配标签并注册网络设备，实现了对数据报文的统一管理，在拓展了网口数量的同时，达到业务数据控制的目的。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种风力发电机Switch变流器功率单元更换推车，涉及发电机检修工具技术领域。一种风力发电机Switch变流器功率单元更换推车，包括力矩平衡架、网侧功率单元支架、机侧功率单元支架、支撑推车和标准滑动轮，所述力矩平衡架包括力矩架，所述力矩架的中部固定连接有支撑横杆，且力矩架一端的两侧均固定连接有力矩支杆，所述网侧功率单元支架包括网侧支架杆，所述网侧支架杆底部的一端和中部均固定连接有第一连接杆。本发明通过力矩平衡架、网侧功率单元支架、机侧功率单元支架、支撑推车和标准滑动轮的设置，实现了利用力矩平衡、杠杆、滚动摩擦等原理使得便于对网侧功率单元模块组和机侧功率单元模块组进行拆卸。

摘要： 本发明涉及服务器板测试技术领域，公开了一种HSBP背板和PCIE Switch板多模式兼容测试装置，包括机台，机台处作业平台，作业平台处设有检测组件、HSBP载板组件和PCIE Switch载板组件，检测组件分别与HSBP载板组件和PCIE Switch载板组件电连接，HSBP载板组件包括HSBP夹板，PCIE Switch载板组件包括PCIE Switch夹板，HSBP夹板与PCIE Switch夹板分体设置，HSBP夹板垂直设于作业平台处，PCIE Switch夹板水平设于作业平台处，PCIE Switch夹板的一侧设有用于固定外部对接连接器的定位柱，HSBP夹板的开夹面与PCIE Switch夹板设有定位柱的一侧相抵；通过采用分体设置的HSBP夹板和PCIE Switch夹板，以便于在不同测试模式下减少测试工装和测试步骤，节省了测试时间和工装费用，极大提高了测试效率。

摘要： 本实用新型公开了一种翻盖式的Switch oled游戏机保护壳，包括主机保护壳、左手柄保护下壳、右手柄保护下壳、左手柄面盖、右手柄面盖和翻盖，主机保护壳两侧分别连接有左手柄保护下壳和右手柄保护下壳，左手柄保护下壳和右手柄保护下壳上分别可拆卸式卡接有左手柄面盖和右手柄面盖，左手柄面盖和右手柄面盖上均开有适配Switch oled游戏机手柄按键的孔，主机保护壳开有适配Switch oled游戏机主机按键和电源的孔，主机保护壳底面转动连接有翻盖，主机保护壳后侧壳体上设有卡接口，翻盖设有与卡接口适配的卡接扣。本实用新型通过手柄面盖和手柄保护下壳可以有效保护Switch oled游戏机的手柄，另外通过翻盖和主机保护壳配合，可以实现Switch oled游戏机的支撑，便于使用。

摘要： 本实用新型提供了一种switch手柄充电座，包括基座以及设于基座中心的充电桩，所述充电桩包括第一侧面、与所述第一侧面相对的第二侧面、第三侧面以及与所述第三侧面相对的第四侧面，所述第一侧面和所述第二侧面上分别设有滑槽，所述滑槽用于安装switch手柄上的滑轨，所述基座上设有与所述滑槽相对的收容槽，所述收容槽用于收容switch手柄的一端，当switch手柄置于所述switch手柄充电座充电时，该switch手柄的一端收容于所述收容槽内，该switch手柄的滑轨置于所述滑槽内；所述充电桩上设有散热翅片，所述散热翅片环绕分布于所述第三侧面、所述充电桩的顶端以及所述第四侧面，所述散热翅片用于增大所述充电桩与外部空气的换热面积。