reliability

摘要： Information Security is determined by three well know security parameters i.e. Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability. Availability is an important pillar when it comes to security of an information system. It is dependent upon the reliability, timeliness and accessibility of the Information System. This paper presents an analytical view of the fact that when Accessibility is degraded during the presence of an ongoing attack, the other factors reliability and timeliness can also get affected, therefore creating a degrading impact on the overall Availability of the system, which eventually leads to the Denial of Service Attack and therefore affecting the security of the System.

摘要： Objective:To investigate the psychometric properties of the self-care behavior scale in heart failure(HF)patients.The development of self-care behaviors is one of the goals of non-pharmacological care management programs.Methods:After translating the European Heart Failure Self-care Behavior scale(EHFScBS),validity was assessed through explanatory factor analysis;additionally,reliability was assessed through Cronbach alpha and test-retest.The samples comprised of 120 HF patients admitted to hospitals in Tehran during 2017-2018.Results:The mean age of the samples was 67.3±14.04 years.Fifty-four patients(45%)were female.All items of the scale had an acceptable factor loading.Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0.72.The intra-cluster correlation coefficient(ICC)was 0.69.Conclusions:Nurses and clinicians could benefit from the Persian version of HF self-care scale since it would enable them to rapidly assess patients’self-care behaviors and to evaluate the effectiveness of the HF management.

摘要： Service function chains(SFC)mapping takes the responsibility for managing virtual network functions(VNFs).In SFC mapping,existing solutions duplicate VNFs with redundant instances to provide high availability in response to failures.However,as a compromise,these solutions result in high resource consumption due to device maintenance.In this paper,we propose a novel method named dynamic backup sharing(DBS)that allows SFCs to dynamically share backups to reduce resource consumption.DBS formulates the problem of sharing backups among different VNFs as an integer linear programming(ILP).Thereafter,we design a novel online algorithm based on dynamic programming to solve the problem.The experimental results indicate that DBS outperforms state-ofthe-art works by reducing resource consumption and improving the number of accepted requests.

摘要： Engineering members often include cutouts.Although the structural integrity of such members can be highly influenced by associated stresses,determining them may be very challenging for finite shapes operating in an industrial environment.This is particularly so if the loading is not well known,a common occurrence in practical situations.While photomechanical methods can be effective,they necessitate optical access to the component,something which is also often unavailable.Recognizing the above,this paper demonstrates ability to determine the complete stresses throughout a perforated tensile plate using only aligned,single-element strain gages rather than multi-element rosettes.Although reliability is verified using finite elements,an objective of the technique is for situations when finite element methods are not feasible,e.g.,the loading is inadequately known.The approach is applicable to members fabricated from isotropic,orthotropic or functionally-graded materials and is not restricted to a particular shape,cutout arrangement or loading condition.

摘要： A multi-modal time-to-failure distribution for an electro-migration(EM) structure has been observed and studied from long duration in-situ EM experiment, for which the failure mechanism has been investigated and discussed comprehensively. The mixed EM failure behavior strongly suggest that the fatal voids induced EM failure appear at various locations along the EM structure. This phenomenon is believed to be highly related to the existence of pre-existing voids before EM stress. Meanwhile, the number and location of the pre-existing voids can influence the EM failure mode significantly. Based on our research, a potential direction to improve the EM lifetime of Cu interconnect is presented.

摘要： The traditional hermetic packaging methods,which require high temperatures and high voltages,would have adverse effects on electronics devices.Based on current-assisted sintering technology,we proposed a new hermetic packaging method using silver paste.Comparing the microstructure of the joints sintered with different currents,we found that with the increasing sintering current from 4.7 kA to 5.3 kA,the density of the joint increases,which improves the hermeticity and bonding strength of the joints.The results of thermal cycling tests showed that the sealing joints sintered at 4.7 kA with larger porosity are more prone to fail because pores tend to be sources of defects under thermal cycling.After 250 °C high thermal storage,there is the coarsening of the pores and the delamination near the Ag/Au interface,degrading the sealing performance of the sintered joint.Besides,the sealing joints sintered at 5.3 kA exhibit superior reliability when exposed to high temperatures.

摘要： Experience is a sociological concept and builds over time. In a broader sense, the human-centered equivalents of experience and trust apply to D2D interaction. Ubiquitous computing (UbiComp) embeds intelligence and computing capabilities in everyday objects to make them effectively communicate, share resources, and perform useful tasks. The safety of resources is a serious problem. As a result, authorization and access control in UbiComp is a significant challenge. Our work presents experience as an outcome of history (HI), reliability (RL), transitivity (TR), and Ubiquity (UB). This experience model is easily adaptable to a variety of self-regulating context-aware access control systems. This paper proposes a framework for Experience-Based Access Control (EX-BAC) with all major services provided by the model. EX-BAC extends attribute-based access control. It uses logical device type and experience as context parameters for policy design. When compared with the state-of-the-art, EX-BAC is efficient with respect to response time.

摘要： Aiming to evaluate the reliability of phase-transition degrading systems,a generalized stochastic degradation model with phase transition is constructed,and the corresponding analytical reliability function is formulated under the concept of the first hitting time.The phase-varying stochastic property and the phase-varying nonlinearity are considered simultaneously in the proposed model.To capture the phase-varying stochastic pro-perty,a Wiener process is adopted to model the non-monotonous degradation phase,while a Gamma process is utilized to model the monotonous one.In addition,the phase-varying non-linearity is captured by different transformed time scale functions.To facilitate the practical application of the proposed model,identification of phase model type and estimation of model parameters are discussed,and the initial guesses for parameters optimization are also given.Based on the constructed model,two simulation studies are carried out to verify the analytical reliability function and analyze the influence of model misspecification.Finally,a practical case study is conducted for illustration.

摘要： Driver management may be considered an organization’s most valuable asset, and State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) must invest in it to secure their survival and growth. The study sought to establish the effect of driver management on service delivery in SOEs. Various empirical studies reveal that there is a lack of understanding of the impact of driver management on service delivery in public organizations, notably SOEs, resulting in sectorial and contextual research gaps that must be filled. The study used a mixed-method research strategy and a pragmatic research philosophy. In addition, 344 respondents from 86 SOEs were given standardized questionnaires to complete. The researchers employed stratified and purposive sampling. Statistical package for social scientists (SPSS) version 20 was used to generate descriptive statistics. All study items were subjected to exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and research hypotheses were assessed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) in AMOS version 21. The study findings revealed that despite having clear driver recruiting procedures, there is bad driver conduct and a lack of driver recognition programs to reward good driving. The study concluded that driver management has a positive effect on service delivery. In light of these conclusions, the study suggests that SOEs should ensure that drivers understand their responsibilities when using company vehicles. Furthermore, drivers should be periodically trained in line with the tenets of the New Public Management Theory which advocates for quality service delivery, customer centrism and reduction in rigidity.

摘要： Purpose:To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Frailty Phenotype(FP),Tilburg Frailty Indicator(TFI)and Frail Scale(FS)in elderly diabetic patients,and to provide a scientific basis for selecting appropriate frailty screening instruments for medical staff.Design:A cross-sectional study.Participants and Methods:A convenience sample of 169 elderly diabetic patients was selected from a diabetes special hospital in Tianjin,China.We assessed the reliability and validity of the full FP,TFI and FS as well as their domains.The structural validity of the scale was tested by Spearman correlation analysis of items,dimensions and total scores of scales.The predictive validity of FP,TFI and FS was evaluated by calculating the correlation coefficient between the total scores of FP,TFI and FS and the scores of diabetes specific quality of life scale(QSDL).We assessed the test-retest reliability of 17 elderly diabetic patients twice.Results:A total of 169 patients were included,with a mean age 66.53±7.24 years,and 53.8%were female.The prevalence of frailty was 23.1%according to FP,38.5%according to FS and 78.7%according to TFI with a mean score 6.86±3.05.The test-retest reliability of FP,TFI and FS were 0.915,0.942 and 0.956 respectively.The correlation coefficients between each item or dimension and its total frailty score were r=0.293~0.618,0.174~0.753 and 0.255~0.706 respectively(P<0.01).The total scores of the three frailty screening instruments were the strongest correlation with the physiological dimension of DSQL and the worst correlation of social relations.The area under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve for predicting the decline of quality of life of diabetic patients was 0.805,0.500 and 0.816,respectively.Conclusion:The test-retest reliability of FP,TFI and FS is good and the structural validity of TFI and the ability of predicting the decline of quality of life are better than those of FP and FS.Therefore,compared with the other two scales,the TFI is a reliable and valid instrument to assess frailty in elderly diabetic patients.

摘要： Date of machine industry as the central control unit,equipped with configuration software, use large-screenreal-time monitoring interface, the achievement of thecontrol points of the dynamic display, data modification,fault diagnosis, automatic alarm, but also show the queryrecord of historical events, the system of major parts totalrunning time, the device process flow diagram, the devicestructure and so on. Central control unit and slave serialcommunications between the PLC data exchange, usuallyselected from the 485 in less than 1000m twisted paircommunication, fiber can choose from more frequentcommunication, more long-distance wireless communica-tion can also be used. PLC control of the lower computeruse, according to the number of control objects, controlthe scope of the object, the choice of one or more controlPLC, PLC data exchange between the registers is to useinternal links, data exchange and sharing. The PLC real-time monitoring of the site into a high reliability, and pro-gramming is simple, flexible, and therefore more andmore people attention.