UNIVERSAL TESTING MACHINE FOR MECHANICAL TESTS OF SAMPLES OF MATERIALS AND ARTICLES FOR TENSION, COMPRESSION AND BENDING AT STATIC LOAD APPLICATION AND FOR LOW- AND HIGH-CYCLE FATIGUE AT TENSION-COMPRESSION AT CYCLIC LOAD APPLICATION AT NORMAL AND HIGH TEMPERATURES

摘要

FIELD: physics.;SUBSTANCE: invention relates to means (testing machines) and methods of mechanical tests of samples of materials for tension, compression, bending and for low- and high-cycle fatigue. Testing machine comprises a loading device comprising a base, two worm-and-screw reduction gears attached to the base and connected to each other by a coupling, a servo motor driving the cross-arm using worm-and-screw gearboxes and nuts coupled with screws and fixed in traverse, housing nuts coupled with lead screws, with built-in annular pistons for sampling play between screws and traverse, guide columns fixed in the base and coupled with the traverse through the ball bushings, the cross bar rigidly connecting the guide columns and the lead screws through the ball bearings, a hydraulic cylinder formed by the traverse, a plunger and two flanges, upper grip attached to the plunger by means of a pin and two hinged joints, a displacement sensor, a force sensor attached to the base by means of a pin and two hinged joints, a lower grip, attached to the force sensor by means of a pin, a rack for installation of the furnace during high-temperature tests, attached to the base and the crossbar, and also includes a pump unit and a control and measurement system. Machine has two test specimen loading drives: servo-mechanical - by movement of crossbar with upper gripper and servo-hydraulic - by movement of upper grip relative to crosshead with the help of hydraulic cylinder built in crossbar.;EFFECT: technical result is the ability to test samples and large-length articles with a large deformation value during static application of a load, the ability to test samples for tension, compression, bending, low- and high-cycle fatigue with any coefficient of asymmetry of the cycle, possibility of applying a high-frequency component to the static component of the cycle, simplification and cheapening of the design of the loading device.;1 cl, 2 dwg