In one aspect, π-conjugated asymmetric molecular dyes are described herein comprising a donor (D)-acceptor (A) architecture across a thiazolothi azole electronic bridge. In some embodiments, a π-conjugated asymmetric molecular dye has a difference between the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of at least 1.2 eV. In some embodiments, the HOMO-LUMO offset is 1.2 eV to 5 eV. The π-conjugated asymmetric molecular dye may also display a change in dipole moment between ground and excited states of at least 5 D.
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