COMPREHENSIVE METHOD OF TEACHING SPEECH, CORRECTION OF DELAYED SPEECH, MENTAL, PSYCHORONIC DEVELOPMENT

摘要

FIELD: teaching. ;SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods of teaching and upbringing children with delayed mental, psycho-speech and speech development, as well as for children with autism spectrum disorders. Speech training is carried out through the gradual formation of skills. At the first stage, primary reinforcers are used to form basic skills: cooperation, motor imitation, receptive speech, visual perception, requests, articulation, naming, repetitive speech, play, social, motor skills, and self-service skills. Primary reinforcers can be food, juices, water, touching in a constant mode, mainly physical or imitation hints, game items, cards with images of objects, cut pictures, puzzles, cubes, instructions in the form of tasks. At the second stage, secondary reinforcers are used, which can be toys, activities, giving attention, praise in an alternating mode, imitation or gesture prompting, tools in the form of play objects, cards with images of objects, actions, opposites, colors, shapes, categories, boys, girls, cards with plot images, with a sequence of images for the formation of new skills: conditional discrimination, intraverbal skills, group skills, writing and reading. At the third stage, against the background of the complication of tasks to develop all of the above skills, they develop logical thinking, linguistic and metematic skills, for this they use generalized reinforcers, which can be insignia, tokens, awards, money, natural motivation to complete the task in a variable mode with an increased interval or ratio, mainly verbal and visual cues. Cards with images of objects, actions, objects of various categories, professions, shapes, colors, places, social situations, activities, emotions, sequences of events, seasons, numbers, letters, cards with plot images, illustrations, visual aids, paper, pencils. ;EFFECT: method allows forming basic teaching skills, launching natural mechanisms of development, promotes the launch and accelerated development of speech, restores or brings development closer to normative. ;4 cl, 1 tbl