Process of acid activating mineral clays

摘要

An acidic clay catalyst is prepared by activating a raw silica-alumina clay in the presence of a phenolic compound having from 6 to 25 carbon atoms inclusive and free from basic substituents, with an acid or mixture of acids chosen from mineral acid, polyhaloacetic acid, benzene sulphonic and xylene disulphonic acid at ambient to 190 DEG C. Preferred reactant ratios by weight are 100 parts raw clay, 100 parts phenolic compound, and 4 to 26 2/3 parts of acid based on the anhydrous acid. The preferred acid mixture consists of 27 parts of 78% H2SO4 and 15 parts of concentrated HCl. Examples of suitable clays, acids and phenolic compounds are given.ALSO:One or more phenols are alkylated at 60-190 DEG C. with a C2-C18 olefin in the presence of a silica-alumina clay catalyst which has been treated with specified acids in the presence of a C6-C25 phenolic compound which is free from basic substituents (see Division C1). The C6-C25 phenolic compound may be the phenol to be alkylated, in which case the treated catalyst/phenolic compound suspension obtained may be treated directly with the olefin, or if the C6-C25 phenolic compound is a desired alkylated phenol, a suitable phenol for alkylation may be added to the suspension obtained, possibly together with other phenols. Examples of suitable phenols and olefins are given.ALSO:An acidic clay catalyst is prepared by activating a raw silica-alumina clay containing Fe, Mg and Ca in the presence of a phenolic compound having from 6 to 25 carbon atoms inclusive and free from basic substituents, with an acid or mixture of acids chosen from mineral acid, polyhaloacetic acid, benzene sulphonic and xylene disulphonic acid at ambient to 190 DEG C. Preferred reactant ratios by weight are 100 parts raw clay, WO parts phenolic compound, and 4 to 26 2/3 parts of acid based on the anhydrons acid. The preferred mixture consists of 27 parts of 78% H2SO4 and 15 parts of concentrated HCl. Examples of suitable clays, acids and phenolic compounds are given.