Determination of carbon in fly ash from microwave attenuation and phase shift

摘要

In the determination of the unburnt carbon content of fly ash, a microwave signal is transmitted through or reflected from a fly ash sample and the attenuation and phase shift of the transmitted or reflected signal from receiver antenna or circulator respectively, is determined with respect to the incident signal and used to provide a measure of unburnt carbon content. The invention is applicable to measurement of fly ash samples taken from a boiler outlet duct or for direct measurement of the unburnt carbon content of fly ash entrained in flue gas.