METHOD OF PREPARING 1-FLUOR-1,1-DICHLOROETHANE, 1,1-DIFLUORO 1-CHLOROETHANE, 1,1,1-TRIFLUOROETHANE AND REACTION UNIT DEVICE FOR CARRYING IT THROUGH

摘要

FIELD: chemical industry. SUBSTANCE: described is method preparing 1-fluoro-1,1- dichloroethane, 1,1-difluoro-1-chloroethane and 1,1,1-trifluoroethane. Organochlorine compound is reacted with hydrogen fluoride at elevated temperature and pressure followed by isolation of desired products, original organochlorine compound (1,1-dichloro ethylene or 1,1,1-trichloroethane) is introduced under layer of liquid hydrogen fluoride at original hydrogen fluoride to original organochlorine stock molar ratio of 1,0-1,1: 1,0. Reaction is carried out during continuous circulation of hydrogen fluoride along closed technological space at temperature and pressure which is equal to equilibrium pressure of hydrogen fluoride at temperature given as above. The resulting reaction mixture is distilled off together with circulating hydrogen fluoride and condensed, and hydrogen fluoride with reflux ratio of 2-5 is recycled for further reaction. Hydrogen fluoride is directed to produce hydrochloric acid, and condensed desired products are separated, purified and isolated. Device includes volume-type reactor, rectification column, and phase separator; reactor, column, capacitor and phase separator are interconnected to form closed space and hydrogen fluoride losses are thus reduced and formation of by-products is decreased. EFFECT: more efficient preparation method. 6 cl, 10 ex, 2 dwg, 1 tbl