METHOD OF PRODUCTION OF METHACRYLIC ACIDS BY CATALYTIC OXIDATION OF PROPYLENE OR ISOBUTYLENE (VERSIONS), METHOD OF DECOMPOSITION OF BY-PRODUCT (VERSIONS) AND PLANT FOR REALIZATION OF THIS METHOD

摘要

FIELD: industrial production of methacrylic acids at reduced amount of industrial wastes.;SUBSTANCE: proposed method is performed by catalytic oxidation of propane, propylene or isobutylene in vapor phase at separation of final product and forming of high-boiling mixture as by-product which contains (according to Michaels addition) water, alcohol or methacrylic acid added to methacrylic group. By-product is decomposed in thermal decomposition reactor at simultaneous distillation of decomposition products in distilling column from which methacrylic acid is taken in form of distillate. Flow of liquid decomposition residue is forced for peripheral direction by means of mixing blades before withdrawal from reactor. Peripheral direction is obtained with the aid of liquid fed from the outside of decomposition reactor; to this end use is made of initial high-boiling material or flow of liquid discharged from decomposition reactor. If necessary, etherification stage is performed through interaction with alcohol for obtaining methecrylic ester. Decomposition of by-product formed at obtaining methacrylic acid by oxidation of propylene or isobutylene or at obtaining methacrylic acid by interaction of acid with alcohol by alcohol through introduction of by-product into thermal decomposition reactor provided with distilling column which has plates made in form of disks and toroids for simultaneous decomposition and distillation. Plant proposed for realization of this method includes thermal decomposition reactor and distilling column, level meters and lines for discharge of liquid containing easily polymerized compounds. Level indicator mounted at area of accumulation of liquid shows pressure differential. Line for detecting the side of high pressure of this level meter is connected with accumulated liquid discharge line.;EFFECT: updated technology; increased yield of target products.;38 cl, 14 dwg, 2 tbl, ex