LAYERED COMPOSITIONS WITH MULTI-CHARGED ONIUM IONS AS EXCHANGE CATIONS, AND THEIR APPLICATION TO PREPARE MONOMER, OLIGOMER AND POLYMER INTERCALATES AND NANOCOMPOSITES PREPARED WITH THE LAYERED COMPOSITIONS OF THE INTERCALATES

摘要

Intercalated layered materials prepared by co-intercalation of amulti-charged onium ion spacing/coupling agent and a matrix polymer betweenthe planar layers of a swellable layered material, such as a phyllosilicate,preferably a smectite clay. The spacing of adjacent layers of the layeredmaterials is expanded at least about 3 .ANG., preferably at least about 5.ANG.,usually to about 15-20 .ANG., e.g., 18 .ANG. with the di-charged oniumion spacing/coupling agent. The intercalation of the matrix polymer thenincreases the spacing between adjacent layers to at least about 15 .ANG.,preferablyto about 20 .ANG. to about 30 .ANG..