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Preparing formic acid, comprises e.g. reacting a reaction mixture comprising carbon dioxide, hydrogen, polar solvent and tertiary amine in presence of cationic complex catalyst into hydrogenation mixture including formic acid-amine-adduct
Preparing formic acid, comprises e.g. reacting a reaction mixture comprising carbon dioxide, hydrogen, polar solvent and tertiary amine in presence of cationic complex catalyst into hydrogenation mixture including formic acid-amine-adduct
Preparing formic acid, comprises (a) reacting a reaction mixture comprising carbon dioxide, hydrogen, a polar solvent and a tertiary amine of (Ia) in the presence of a cationic complex catalyst, in a hydrogenation reactor (I) to obtain a hydrogenation mixture containing a formic acid-amine-adduct (A1) of (II), and (b) processing the hydrogenation mixture comprising (b1) separating the polar solvent from the hydrogenation mixture to obtain a distillate containing a formic acid-amine-adduct (A2), and (b2) splitting the formic acid-amine-adduct (A2) to obtain tertiary amine and formic acid. Preparing formic acid, comprises (a) reacting a reaction mixture comprising carbon dioxide, hydrogen, at least one polar solvent and at least one tertiary amine of the formula (NR 1R 2R 3) (Ia) in the presence of at least one cationic complex catalyst, which contains at least one element from groups 8, 9 and 10, in a hydrogenation reactor (I) to obtain a hydrogenation mixture containing at least one polar solvent, at least one cationic catalyst and at least one formic acid-amine-adduct (A1) of formula (NR 1R 2R 3x x 1HCOOH) (II), and (b) processing the hydrogenation mixture comprising (b1) separating at least one polar solvent from the hydrogenation mixture in a distillation apparatus (II) to obtain a distillate containing at least one polar solvent and a bottom mixture comprising at least one formic acid-amine-adduct (A2), and (b2) splitting at least one formic acid-amine-adduct (A2) contained in the bottom mixture, in a thermal cracking unit (III) to obtain at least one tertiary amine and formic acid, where the cationic complex catalyst is immobilized before processing the hydrogenation mixture in the step (b) by at least one carrier material having acidic functional groups, which is insoluble in the hydrogenation mixture. Either R 1-R 3(1-16C) aliphatic, (1-16C) araliphatic or (1-16C) aromatic group (all optionally branched or cyclic, and C of all groups are optionally substituted by -N- or -O-); or 2 or 3 of R 1-R 3chain containing at least 4 atoms; and x 10.4-5.
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机译：制备甲酸包括：（a）在氢化络合物（I）中，在阳离子络合物催化剂的存在下，使包含二氧化碳，氢，极性溶剂和（Ia）的叔胺的反应混合物反应，得到氢化混合物。含有（II）的甲酸-胺-加合物（A1），和（b）处理所述氢化混合物，其包括（b1）从氢化混合物中分离极性溶剂以获得含有甲酸-胺-加合物的馏出物（A2）。 ），（b2）将甲酸-胺加合物（A2）分开，得到叔胺和甲酸。制备甲酸的步骤包括：（a）使包含二氧化碳，氢，至少一种极性溶剂和至少一种式（NR 1> R 2> R 3>）（Ia）的叔胺的反应混合物在以下条件下进行反应：在氢化反应器（I）中至少一种阳离子配合物催化剂，其包含至少一种第8、9和10族的元素，以获得包含至少一种极性溶剂，至少一种阳离子催化剂和至少一种甲酸的氢化混合物式（NR 1> R 2> R 3> xx 1HCOOH）的酸-胺-加合物（A1），和（b）处理该氢化混合物，包括（b1）从氢化混合物中分离至少一种极性溶剂。蒸馏设备（II），以获得包含至少一种极性溶剂和包含至少一种甲酸-胺加合物（A2）的塔底混合物的馏出物，以及（b2）分解至少一种甲酸-胺加合物（A2） ）包含在塔底混合物中，在热裂解装置（III）中获得至少一个叔三级胺和甲酸，其中阳离子络合物催化剂在步骤（b）中在处理氢化混合物之前通过至少一种不溶于氢化混合物的具有酸性官能团的载体材料而被固定。 R 1> -R 3>（1-16C）脂族，（1-16C）芳脂族或（1-16C）芳族基团（全部可选为支链或环状，且所有基团中的C可选为-N-或- O-）;或R 1> -R 3>链的2或3个包含至少4个原子;和x 10.4-5。
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