METHOD OF DRYING MINERAL SOILS OF DIFFERENT DEGREES OF GLEYSATION, FORMED ON CARBONATE PARENT ROCK MATERIALS

摘要

FIELD: agriculture.SUBSTANCE: method is implemented with a regulatory network providing, due to the depth of its location and the distance between it, the required in grown plants rate of discharge of surface water and gravity water from the arable layer, as well as the rate of drainage in the settlement period of the year with the water load of the estimated probability of exceeding. According to the first embodiment of the method, drainage of gleysolic and gley soils leached to the depth of Hless than the sum of the depth of location of the regulating drainage network h and the critical depth of their leaching his carried out on the basis of the requirements of nature protection for the protection of soil from leaching or at least to reduce its rate due to reducing the removal of calcium and magnesium with drainage flow, while reducing the need of the considered soils in liming. The location depth of the constant regulating drainage network is taken as the minimum possible, setting it based on the condition of causing no damage to pipes of the regulating network by the agricultural tools working in the field, and vehicles used in harvesting, i.e. taking h = hwith H? h+h. The considered soils are used for crops with small root system requiring minimum standards of drainage, which is provided by dense regulatory network. The constant regulating drainage network can be represented both as closed drains and closed collectors. To accelerate the discharge of surface water and gravity water from the arable layer, the constant regulating drainage network is completed with agromeliorative activities. For draining the considered soils, the rugged pipes are used, resistant to corrosion. According to the second embodiment of the method, draining the low-gleyic soils leached to the depth of Hless than the sum of location depth of the regulating drainage network h and the critical depth of their leaching his carried out on the basis of the requirements of nature protection for the protection of soil from leaching or at least to reduce its rate due to reducing the removal of calcium and magnesium, while reducing the need of the considered soils in liming, taking drainage of the considered soils of temporary excess moisturising by the method of accelerating the surface flow and the method of accelerating flow on the arable layer using temporary annually renewable agromeliorative activities in the form of systematic or selected furrows, as well as ridges or rows. The conductive drainage network can be represented as permanently open collectors, receiving and diverting water coming from agromeliorative furrows, ridges and rows.EFFECT: service life extension and preservation for future generations of soils formed on carbonate parent rock materials, and reduction of the need in liming in the agricultural use of the considered soils.2 cl