Gasification processes and apparatus for the production of synthesis gas by partial oxidation of ash-containing fuels under elevated pressure and quench cooling the crude gas

摘要

A method for the production of raw gas with fine dust is below 20 μm by gasification pulverised fuel containing ashes, such as bituminous coal, lignite and petroleum cokes in the free flow with a free oxygen-containing oxidizing agent by partial oxidation at pressures between the ambient pressure and 80 bar, as well as temperatures between 1.200 to 1.900 degrees, comprising the steps of pneumatic dosing for dust gasification reaction in a reactor with a cooled reactor space contour, quench cooling, crude gas washing and partial condensation, wherein:– a fuel dust with a water content of less than 10 ma% and a grain size of 200 μm is supplied to a pneumatic metering system, wherein the pulverised fuel by means of a bunker (1.1) in at least a pressure lock (1.2), and with a pressure between the ambient pressure and 80 bar with a condensate free gas is a metering vessel (1.3) is supplied, in the lower part of an inert gas (1.8.) is introduced, so that a fluidized bed with a density of from 350 to 420 kg / m³ extending through supply pipes (1.4) to the burner (2.2) of the reactor (2),– the via a conduit (1.4) the reactor (2) pulverised fuel supplied together with a free oxygen-containing oxidizing agent in the reaction chamber (2.3), with a coolant screen (2.4), is subjected to a partial oxidation, the ash of the fuel and melted together with the hot gasification gas via the drainage device (2.5) in the quenching chamber (3.1) of the quench cooler (3) is converted,– the quenching at temperatures between 180 and 260°C,– the quenched, gas pipe call for the purification of entrained fine dust having a crude gas is subjected to washing (4),– the crude gas for the removal of fine dust is 20 μm and salt in a condensation stage is about 5 to 10°C. is cooled indirectly.