Method of fractional distillation of liquid mixtures and fractional distillation of liquids

摘要

1. The method of fractional distillation of liquid mixtures by temperature-controlled evaporation at temperatures below the boiling point of each fraction, when the vapor pressure of the most volatile fraction substantially exceeds the vapor pressure of the fractions remaining in the mixture until the fraction is completely evaporated in a directed flow of neutral gas or vapor, which is inhibited the condenser at the condensation temperature of the selected fraction, then the temperature of the mixture is increased until the next fraction is intensively evaporated and completely evaporates, and so on until evaporation the last fraction, characterized in that the boiling point of the desired fraction is reduced by aerating the liquid mixture with finely dispersed bubbles of gas or steam, which initiate a chain reaction of activation of the boiling centers directly in the critical volume of the liquid mixture in the form of an upward boiling stream of compressible meta-fluid, which accelerates heat and mass transfer from the heater to the condenser , which is cooled with the next portion of the liquid mixture, and provide the supply with the gas of the condensed fraction in the distillation column y with gidrolovushkoy, the bottom of which is temporarily withdrawn heavier portion of the reflux liquid from the boiling mixture, and the gases and steam from the sealed collection of distillate was again directed to the boiling of the liquid jet smesi.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the ascending boiling stream of the compressible metal fluid is created by electrolysis of the electrically conductive liquid mixture in an electrically conductive evaporator with a sponge metal electrode or a finely porous ceramic atomizer with a conductive electrode, and the gases are sent back to the boiling liquid