The present application relates to a light modulation device and uses of the light modulation device. The light modulation device of the present application can apply an external signal by a composite layer having a high transmittance in the visible light region, a low transmittance in the infrared region, and a low sheet resistance value. The light modulation device may be applied to various applications such as a smart window, a window protection film, a flexible display device, an active retarder for displaying 3D images, or a viewing angle adjusting film.
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