DEVELOPMENT OF BIOLOGICAL WASTE WATER TREATMENT

摘要

The proposed solution relates to devices for biological treatment of domestic wastewater with activated sludge and can be used in housing and communal services, including individual housing construction. The biological wastewater treatment device with a certain design and performance parameters contains a sealed enclosure, including aeration tank, consisting of aerobic and anaerobic zones, secondary sedimentation tank, supply of "dirty" and drainage of "clean" wastewater, channel sedimentation tank k, bottom fine and coarse aerators of the aerobic and anaerobic zones, respectively, as well as a transport system containing airlifts for pumping, circulation and recirculation of sludge and biofilm, equipment for moving liquids and gases with the necessary piping, shut-off and control valves and automation devices. The secondary sump is made in the form of an independent sealed tank with aerators and a transport system mounted on it, as well as with the possibility of placement in an airtight housing and the formation of aerobic and anaerobic zones in it. The anaerobic zone and the secondary sump are functionally connected through a channel sump. The channel sump is made by combining a degasser equipped with a tap and a flow damper equipped with a biofilter. The degasser is made in the form of an elbow with an angle of 30 ... 50 °, the horizontal part of which forms a receiving chamber, and in the inclined part there is a partition on half the diameter of the passage with the possibility of forming channels for recycling excess sludge through the outlet into the aerobic zone of the aerotank and passing the water-sludge mixture through flow damper with biofilter into the secondary sump. The flow damper is made in the form of a vertically arranged h-shaped pipe with a transition from a smaller diameter to a larger one. The biological treatment device is additionally equipped with a “clean” wastewater storage tank, which can be placed in a secondary sump. The technology implemented in the proposed device is characterized by a high degree of wastewater treatment and low waste, which is due to the processes of self-oxidation of sludge. A small amount of formed deeply mineralized excess sludge is a highly effective organomineral fertilizer, and biologically treated wastewater can be used for irrigation purposes.