Method and Apparatus for Real Time, In Situ Sensing and Characterization of Roughness, Geometrical Shapes, Geometrical Structures, Composition, Defects, and Temperature in Three-Dimensional Manufacturing Systems

摘要

Methods and apparatuses for manufacturing are disclosed, including (a) providing an apparatus having: a laser; a scanner; a powder injection system; a powder spreading system; a dichroic filter; an imager-and-processor; and a computer; (b) programming the computer with structural and material specifications of a sample; (c) using the computer to set initial parameters based on the structural and material specifications of the sample; (d) adjusting a stage to position the sample; (e) focusing and scanning electromagnetic radiation onto the sample while powder is concurrently injected onto the sample in order to deposit a layer; (f) capturing two-dimensional images of the sample and probing the sample to determine whether the deposited layer was manufactured per the structural and material specifications; (g) use the computer to adjust the three-dimensional manufacturing parameters based on the determination made in step (f) prior to additively manufacturing a subsequent layer or making repairs; and (h) repeating steps (d), (e), (f), and (g) until the manufacture is complete. Other embodiments are described and claimed.