Provided are: a sulfur-doped reduced graphene oxide comprising sulfur and reduced graphene oxide, wherein the D peak/ G peak intensity ratio obtained by Raman analysis of the sulfur-doped reduced graphene oxide is 1.03-1.31; a method for manufacturing the sulfur-doped reduced graphene oxide by using sulfur, or sulfur which is a byproduct generated in the process of petroleum refining; and a polyimide nanocomposite containing the sulfur-doped reduced graphene oxide. The sulfur-doped reduced graphene oxide manufactured according to the present invention does not require the use of a separate reductant or solvent during a reduction procedure, thereby achieving an effect of cost reduction. Furthermore, the present invention, compared with the prior art, can perform reduction and doping simultaneously and quickly through a simple method. The polyimide nanocomposite containing the above-described sulfur-doped reduced graphene oxide can be used to manufacture a film having gas diffusion barrier characteristics.
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