METHOD OF RECULTIVATION OF LANDS DISTURBED DURING DEVELOPMENT OF ORE DEPOSITS OF MINERAL RESOURCES

摘要

FIELD: methods of reclamation of lands.;SUBSTANCE: method for reclamation of lands disturbed during development of ore deposits of minerals, including their technical reclamation and subsequent biological reclamation, for this purpose fertile ground is sprinkled on the soil surface, fertilizers are introduced and seeds of local flora are sown, is characterized by that in process of technical reclamation, the areas subject to reclamation are flattened, to ensure the possibility of passage of the used hydraulic seeder on them and their strip grounding with application on the surface of recultivated areas of potentially fertile soil with thickness of 20–25 cm, wherein seeding and fertilization during biological reclamation is carried out in spring, wherein the seeds are sown, combining it with watering and fertilizing the crops, for which an aqueous mixture of seeds and mineral fertilizers is prepared, which is formed based on 50 kg/ha of oat seed, from 12 to 20–30 kg/ha of perennial grass seeds, 0.9–2.0 kg/ha of seeds of wood species, wherein the fertilizer application rate is up to 90 kg/ha ammonium nitrate, up to 90 kg/ha double superphosphate, up to 50 kg/ha potassium chloride, and after mixing the mixture is uniformly applied on the surface of areas subject to reclamation, after completion of sowing on same day by means of trailed harrow seeds are closed into formed potentially fertile soil, besides, in the middle of vegetation period fertilizing of crops with nitrogen fertilizers is carried out at rate of 45 kg/ha in a dissolved form. In addition, during reclamation seeds of cereals, legumes and wood-shrubby plants are used, wherein the cereals include an Arctagrostis latifolia, and/or Beckmannia syzigachne, and/or Calamagrostis langsdorffii, and/or Elymus sibiricus, and/or Elymus subfibrosus, and/or Poa pratensis, and/or Festuca pratensis, and/or Festuca rubra, and/or Deschampsia borealis, wherein the legumes include Vicia, Vicia macrantha, and/or Trifolium pratense, and/or Medicago sativa, wherein the wood-shrubbery include Willow (Salix) and/or Pinus pumila, and/or Larix cajanderi, and/or Duschekia fruticosa, and/or Populus suaveolens. Besides, the potentially fertile soil is formed in the form of a mixture of fertile soil with fine enrichment wastes in ratio of 1:2–3.;EFFECT: invention provides accelerated formation of plant communities and soil formation in recultivated areas, especially in cryolite zone conditions.;3 cl, 4 dwg