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Inversion methods for fast-ion velocity-space tomography in fusion plasmas

机译:融合等离子体中快离子速度 - 空间层析成像的反演方法

摘要

Velocity-space tomography has been used to infer 2D fast-ion velocity distribution functions. Here we compare the performance of five different tomographic inversion methods: truncated singular value decomposition, maximum entropy, minimum Fisher information and zeroth and first-order Tikhonov regularization. The inversion methods are applied to fast-ion Dα measurements taken just before and just after a sawtooth crash in the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak as well as to synthetic measurements from different test distributions. We find that the methods regularizing by penalizing steep gradients or maximizing entropy perform best. We assess the uncertainty of the calculated inversions taking into account photon noise, uncertainties in the forward model as well as uncertainties introduced by the regularization which allows us to distinguish regions of high and low confidence in the tomographies. In high confidence regions, all methods agree that ions with pitch values close to zero, as well as ions with large pitch values, are ejected from the plasma center by the sawtooth crash, and that this ejection depletes the ion population with large pitch values more strongly.
机译:速度空间层析成像技术已被用来推断二维快速离子速度分布函数。在这里,我们比较了五种不同的层析成像反演方法的性能:截断奇异值分解,最大熵,最小Fisher信息以及零阶和一阶Tikhonov正则化。该反演方法适用于在ASDEX升级托卡马克锯齿碰撞之前和之后进行的快速离子Dα测量,以及来自不同测试分布的综合测量。我们发现通过惩罚陡峭梯度或最大化熵进行正则化的方法效果最好。我们考虑光子噪声,正向模型中的不确定性以及正则化引入的不确定性来评估计算的反演的不确定性,这使我们能够区分断层图像的高置信度和低置信度区域。在高置信度区域中,所有方法都同意通过锯齿波碰撞从等离子体中心喷射出螺距值接近零的离子以及具有大螺距值的离子,并且这种喷射消耗的螺距更大。强烈。

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