Monitoramento da morfologia costeira em setores da bacia potiguar sob influência da indústria petrolífera utilizando geodésia de alta precisão e laser escâner terrestre

摘要

The objective of this Doctoral Thesis was monitoring, in trimestral scale, the coastalmorphology of the Northeastern coast sections of Rio Grande do Norte State, in Brazil, whichis an area of Potiguar Basin influenced by the oil industry activities. The studied sectionscompose coastal areas with intense sedimentary erosion and high environmental sensitivity tothe oil spill. In order to achieve the general objective of this study, the work has beensystematized in four steps. The first one refers to the evaluation of the geomorphological dataacquisition methodologies used on Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of sandy beaches. Thedata has been obtained from Soledade beach, located on the Northeastern coast of Rio GrandeNorte. The second step has been centered on the increasing of the reference geodeticinfrastructure to accomplish the geodetic survey of the studied area by implanting a station inCorta Cachorro Barrier Island and by conducting monitoring geodetic surveys to understandthe beach system based on the Coastline (CL) and on DEM multitemporal analysis. The thirdphase has been related to the usage of the methodology developed by Santos; Amaro (2011)and Santos et al. (2012) for the surveying, processing, representation, integration and analysisof Coastlines from sandy coast, which have been obtained through geodetic techniques ofpositioning, morphological change analysis and sediment transport. The fourth stagerepresents the innovation of surveys in coastal environment by using the Terrestrial LaserScanning (TLS), based on Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), to evaluate a highly erodedsection on Soledade beach where the oil industry structures are located. The evaluation hasbeen achieved through high-precision DEM and accuracy during the modeling of the coastmorphology changes. The result analysis of the integrated study about the spatial andtemporal interrelations of the intense coastal processes in areas of building cycles anddestruction of beaches has allowed identifying the causes and consequences of the intensecoastal erosion in exposed beach sections and in barrier islands