'Created in China' : l'émergence de nouvelles subjectivités dans l'industrie du cinéma indépendant chinois en contexte postsocialiste

摘要

In the current contemporary Chinese context, still caught up with agovernmental censorship of the media productions as well as informationcirculation, creators must find diverse ways to express themselves freely.Several styles of cinemas cohabit in this country hustled by politicalideologies. Two main categories are divided, opposed and intermingled, the“mainstream” cinema and the “independent” cinema. It is via the medium ofcinema and more particularly that of the present generation of Chinesedirectors that will be highlighted the emergence of new creative subjectivities.These subjectivities are in a constant dance with the State in the reaching ofprofessional achievement while maintaining the status of artisticindependence.The author will look into the evolution of the notion of Chinese identity fromthe 1990s until today. Rising from an opposition between tradition andmodernism, the formation of new subjectivities is founded on a constantnegotiation with the imposing forces of globalization but also in relation withthe Chinese State. One currently speaks about an easing of communist rigidityand even the emergence of neoliberal tendencies. This would lead to thecreation of a Chinese identity, brought up to date in tune with the assertion ofindividual desires at the expense of the community. The collective experimentis set aside to make room for the subjectivity of creative individuals, whocreate while positioning themselves as a unit in interrelationship with society.