Sensim per partes discuntur quaelibet artes... Chaque art s'apprend lentement, pas à pas... : mise en regard d'un savoir écrit sur l'art de peindre au Moyen Âge (le Liber diversarum artium - Ms H277 - Bibliothèque inter-universitaire de Montpellier – Faculté de Médecine) et d'un savoir-faire pratique (les oeuvres peintes sur murs et surpanneaux de bois en Catalogne aux XII et XIII siècles)

摘要

The Liber diversarum artium, second copy of a treatise on artistic technology probably written in the 1350s, is held at the Inter-university Library of Medicine of Montpellier, in a fifteenth century manuscript, Ms H277 (1470). The innovative structure of this text, the pre-1300s sources it draws on, and their dissemination, enabled us to compare it with works painted on wood and walls in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries preserved in Catalonia, as with any other coherent corpus. By virtue of the "historical" territory it covers in the Middle Ages, the number of works conserved and their wide aesthetic and technical variety, Catalonia provided this coherence. The selected paintings were considered from the perspective of materiality. The methodology developed for the task was structured as a constant dialectic between written and theoretical knowledge contained in the Liber or other treatises, and the practical knowledge applied by painters in Catalonia in the Romanesque period. Macroscopic observation of the works, the collection of physicochemical data concerning some of them, and our own experience, provided us with material that was conducive to understanding the painter's craft. This comparison produced a singular reading, in which thinking is focused on the painter in the learning and the exercise of his craft.