Les risques en finance : fabriqués ou subis ? : Des convictions de professionnels à une analyse sociologique des déterminants organisationnels dans la gestion des risques des multinationales de la finance

摘要

The financial crisis triggered in 2007 exposed the limits of quantitative tools for risk management in finance, revealing the necessity of a qualitative study of human adaptation towards these technical tools.How have these human efforts to reduce risk evolved in global financial companies since the late 80s? Did their employees become less vigilant? Has corporate risk increased over this period?This research explores these issues through three levels of complexity:- A '' macro '' level where global figures and trends are studied through academic literature and indicators.- A '’meso’' level where finance professionals are interviewed in their natural environment.- A ‘' micro '' level with 20 case studies of tangible financial losses.Results indicate that, although the definition of risk evolved during the period studied, remains controversial and eventually appears to be a social construction, overall risk has increased. An unbiased reading of the relationships between company and employees remains complex, but it appears that employees’ motivation to protect their company is decreasing due to an increased sense of insecurity. A causal analysis of operational losses reveals multiple key factors that are either underestimated or obscured by global companies. These factors are correlated to human behaviours, influenced by organisation and management tools.