Stable fly outbreaks related to sugarcane production in Brazil: Current situation and future outlook

摘要

Stomoxys calcitrans (stable fly) has historically been a pest of dairy cattle and feedlots due to the availability of decaying plant matter mixed with animal excrements in such production systems. In the last few decades, S. calcitrans outbreaks have also been reported in different situations. Population explosions of S. calcitrans flies may also have natural causes, affecting not only domestic and/or wild animals but also humans.