People and Parks: Linking Protected Area Management with Local Communities.

摘要

Integrated conservation-development projects (ICDPS) attempt to ensure the conservation of biological diversity by reconciling the management of protected areas with the social and economic needs of local people. The smaller ICDPS include biosphere reserves, multiple-use areas, and a variety of initiatives on the boundaries of protected areas, including buffer zones. Larger projects include the implementation of regional land use plans with protected area components, as well as large-scale development projects with links to nearby protected areas. The study looks at the early experiences of twenty-three such projects in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. The report explores the social, ecological, technical, and institutional issues that arise from these attempts to link protected area management with local development. It identifies the vital elements in the design of ICDPS and assesses the effectiveness of field experience. Last, it elaborates lessons for future programs to conserve biodiversity in developing countries.