First Responder Support Systems Testbed (FiRST) Contract # 65A0257: Cross-Cutting Cooperative Systems Final Report.

摘要

This project was defined in terms of four main Tracks. Each Track addressed a specific research component of emergency operations. Track I involved the development of a prototype, mobile, virtual emergency operations center. Track II was concerned with testing and developing modeling approaches for emergency evacuation. Track III addressed a number of needs for interoperable communication facing intelligent transportation systems (ITS) and public safety (PS), and track IV was concerned with potential applications of wireless sensor networks (WSN). Here we emphasized the development of WSN that can be used to improve work zone safety. A demonstration of the Virtual Emergency Operations Center which was developed as a part of this project were highlighted by the Department of Homeland Security. It was demonstrated that for some large scale emergencies that contra-flow operations may be valuable in substantially reducing clearing times, however, manpower and equipment needed to support such an operation may not be available on a timely basis. A survey of evacuation participants subject to a mandatory evacuation indicated that nearly 10% of the population did not leave and that the choice of an exit location could alter clearing times. Both micro-scale traffic simulation and multi-commodity flow-optimization were tested in modeling evacuation. The feasibility of interoperable communications between ITS and PS has been investigated. We reported on best field practices for deploying wireless broadband, specifically for the Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC), and multihop ITS/PS networks. To reduce Caltrans’ worker injuries and fatalities in work zones, we investigated the use WSN and cooperative algorithms for sub-meter localization. Our simulation shows promising results for using the emerging Internet of Things (IOT) for work zone safety in both urban and rural environments.