Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan Solids Controls in Highway ConstructionActivities: Three Field Investigations and a Laboratory Study

摘要

Storm water pollution prevention plan solids controls are evaluated in threefield investigations and one laboratory study. Two different construction sites were monitored to determine the effectiveness of selected solids controls devices within the site and leaving the site. A receiving stream is monitored using bioassessment techniques to determine if impact could be detected. There was no detectable effect of the use of the temporary sediment controls for reduction of nutrients and metals. There was no detectable effect of construction runoff on in-stream biological health and water quality. In one of the field studies, there was a tenfold increase in total solids leaving the construction site during construction, as compared to preconstruction values. Construction activity had an effect on the distribution of particles in suspension leaving the construction site with the fraction of smaller particles in the storm water increased. The principal solids control device, a rock-filterdam, had a detectable effect on the particle size distribution of suspended particles, but did not have a statistically significant effect on measured total solids leaving the site. A bare-soil erosion study indicated that for the soils used in this study, roller compaction and similar treatments are expected to reduce erosion volume by 15-30%. The RUSLE methods currently employed underpredict erosion and could lead to undersized temporary sediment controls.