Literature Review: The Rehabilitation of Victims of Trafficking in Group Residential Facilities in Foreign Countries

摘要

Over the course of the past decade, awareness of trafficking in persons among governments, international agencies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and the general public has increased dramatically. Much concern has focused on assessing the mechanisms by which countries identify victims of trafficking and provide them with shelter, recovery, and reintegration services. Trafficked persons have varied backgrounds: they are women and girls as well as men and boys of all different ages; they come from many different countries, and are of different ethnic and cultural backgrounds. They have been trafficked for different purposesmarriage, agricultural labor, work in informal sector industries, domestic labor, participation in dangerous sports such as camel racing, armed conflict, prostitution, child pornographyand they have drawn on various resources to overcome cruelty and maltreatment. Although they have all been subject to severe abuses of their human rights, their needs vary in terms of recovery, return, and reintegration. Although trafficking is a widespread and global problem, there are different country-specific and regional trends. In Asia, trafficking in persons has been recognized as a serious problem for years, primarily in exploitation of women and children in the commercial sex industry. More attention has been paid to the rampant exploitation of children through war and forced labor in Africa, while trafficking for prostitution is primarily seen through the lens of violence against women. In Latin America, trafficking has been viewed more commonly as a secondary issue to prostitution and illegal migration. Finally, the diversity of anti-trafficking activities in Eastern Europe, ranging from prevention initiatives to recovery programs for survivors of trafficking, is indicative of the extent to which the pandemic has been recognized throughout the region.