Trends in the Relationship between U.S. Academic Scientific Publication Outputand Funding and Personnel Inputs: 1988–2011.

摘要

This working paper explores trends from 1988 to 2011 to see how the number of academic scientific publications (output) is related to funding for academic R&D in S&E and the number of U.S.-trained, doctorate-level academic researchers in science, engineering, or health (inputs). Trends are reported at aggregate and field levels. By using the 1994 Carnegie classification of institutions of higher education, the paper also examines trends for different types of universities and colleges: public versus private and universities with the highest level of research activity (Research I universities) versus less research-extensive universities and colleges.