Converting Organic Wastes to Oil: A Replenishable Energy Source.

摘要

The Bureau of Mines is experimentally converting cellulose,the chief constituent of organic solid waste,to a low-sulfur oil. All types of cellulosic wastes,including urban refuse,agricultural wastes,sewage sludge,wood,lignin,and bovine manure,have been converted to oil by reaction with carbon monoxide and water at temperatures of 350to 400C and pressures near 4,000psig,and in the presence of various catalysts and solvents. Cellulose conversions of 90percent and better (corresponding to oil yields of 40to 50percent) have been obtained. A continuous reactor for use at maximum conditions up to 500C and 5,000psig has been operated successfully. Using sucrose as a feedstock,operation in this system has permitted a simplified and preliminary chemical study of the conversion process. Oil yields of over 30percent have been obtained with this unit.