Method for Aquatic Multiple Species Toxicant Testing: Acute Toxicity of 10 Chemicals to 5 Vertebrates and 2 Invertebrates

摘要

A method was developed to simultaneously ascertain 96 h LC50 values for seven freshwater species in a single flow through test with measured concentrations. It allows interspecific comparisons, easy determination of the most sensitive species, and cuts cost of labor, materials, and chemical analysis for measured concentration tests. Species tested included fathead minnows Pimephales promelas, goldfish Carassius auratus, channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus, bluegill Lepomis macrochirus, rainbow trout Salmo gairdneri, crayfish Orconectes immunis and snails Aplexa hypnorum. Compounds tested were pentachlorophenol, 2-chloroethanol, 2,4-pentanedione, hexachloroethane, alpha-bromo-2', 5'-dimethoxyacetophenone, benzaldehyde, 1,3-dichloro-4,6-dinitrobenzene, dursban, sevin and cadmium chloride. The LC50 values from these multiple species tests compared favorably with those determined using single species at the laboratory, usually within 20%.