Application and Calibration of Pressure Instruments, Flowmeters, and Flow Control Devices.

摘要

The Underground Injection Control (UIC) program was established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to protect underground sources of drinking water (USDW's) from potential pollution by injection wells. Contamination can be the result of unregulated or poorly built wells. However, even properly constructed wells can eventually corrode or malfunction, with resultant discharge of injection fluids into unauthorized zones and/or USDWs. The UIC program is responsible for testing the mechanical integrity of all injection wells upon emplacement and once every five years after (for most states). An important part of the underground injection control effort involves monitoring injection volumes and pressures. This requires accurate and reliable equipment, along with knowledge on how to use the equipment. Instruments that measure volume include all kinds of flowmeters and their totalizers, indicators, and recorders. The report discusses the various devices that are used to measure the pressures and the flow rates of injection wells.