Urban Environmental Management in Developing Countries: Toward a Policy and Program Agenda

摘要

Rapid urbanization is quickly leading to severe environmental degradation in Third World cities - the very ones least capable of undertaking expensive remedial actions such as urban renewal and toxic waste clean-up. The report emphasizes the need for environmentally sensitive management in order to sustain the developing world's urban economic development. It begins by suggesting a conceptual framework for understanding the urban environment's major components - population, ecosystem, infrastructure and land use patterns, economy, and institutions - and the interplay between them. Within this framework, the report discusses the tools, methods, and processes of urban environmental protection and management. Particular emphasis is placed on methods of enhancing economic growth; strengthening local governments and urban institutions; creating better systems for guiding urban growth; improving the delivery and management of urban land, infrastructure, and services; and encouraging private initiative.