Effects of Controlled Overburden Placement on Topsoil Substitute Quality and Bond Release: Phase 3

摘要

The results leave little doubt that carefully selected overburden materials can be used to form productive topsoil substitutes in Applachian region. As long as potentially acid-forming materials are eliminated from consideration, carefully selected, graded and amended overburden materials can serve as topsoil substitute materials over and beyond the 5-year bond period. In the absence of organic amendments, the establishment and maintenance of a vigorous legume component in the forage stand is crucial.