Indoor Air Pollution from Portable Kerosene-Fired Space Heaters, Wood-Burning Stoves, and Wood-Burning Furnaces

摘要

Laboratory tests were conducted on four portable kerosene-fired heaters to identify the pollutants they emit and their emission rates. Results show that carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and formaldehyde are emitted by both radiant and convective kerosene heaters and that radiant heaters also emit trace amounts of fine particles. For some pollutants, emissions per caloric value of fuel consumed increase with decreasing wick length. Operation of a radiant and convective heater in a 27-m exp 3 chamber with 0.4 air changes per hour for one hour results in CO sub 2 concentratio well above the US occupational standard, and NO sub 2 concentrations well above California's short-term outdoor standard. Emissions from two wood-burning stoves and two wood-burning furnaces were studied under uncontrolled real-life conditions. The results, although less generalizable than those from laboratory tests of kerosene-fired heaters, also show that levels of carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur dioxide increase during stove operation, although the pollutant levels observed were generally below occupational and outdoor air quality standards. (ERA citation 07:047996)