Analysis of Soil and Surface Properties Which Affect Infiltration and Runoff on Mined Lands, Centre County, Pennsylvania.

摘要

Seventy-eight dripping rainfall simulator tests were performed on one- to four-year-old topsoiled areas of five surface coal mines. The data set consists of soil/surface properties and runoff volumes fit to the Horton infiltration equation. Systematic changes in infiltration through time necessitate an analysis of these variables grouped by age. In general, r-values increase when correlation matrices are divided by age. Few significant correlations exist between soil/surface properties and infiltration for newly reclaimed soils. However, correlations increase in number and strength with increasing soil age. Multiple regressions are used to explore relationships between infiltration parameters and soil/surface properties at each year. Regression models of 30-min infiltration volume and steady-state rate consistently include percent silt and clay, slope, bulk density, and vegetation. Mean infiltration volumes at different mines are initially equal, but become significantly different with surface age. The magnitude of the increase is controlled by the soil texture, vegetation, slope, and bulk density. 25 refs., 9 figs., 6 tabs.