Relations Between Stressors and Job Performance: An Aggregate-Level Investigation Using Multiple Criterion Measures

摘要

Aggregate-level relations between job-related stressors and performance were examined in a sample of 2403 military personnel, comprising 31 companies in two U.S. Army Combat Brigades. Unlike previous studies that have focused exclusively on in-role performance, we examined relations between stressors and multiple performance criterion measures, which corresponded to in- role performance, extra-role performance, and counterproductive behavior. We also examined whether stressor-performance relations were mediated by job satisfaction and morale. Results indicated considerable variation among these criterion measures in the variance explained by stressors, although no evidence of mediation in the aggregate-level data was found. Post hoc analysis of the data at the individual level suggested that stressors may impact individuals' perceptions of both collective efficacy and OCB by first increasing negative emotions. Implications of the findings are discussed, and suggestions for future research are provided.