Use of Semiochemicals for Survey and Detection of Exotic Insects: Principles and Constraints.

摘要

This review concentrates on the principles of surveying for exotic invaders with semiochemical-baited traps and examines three possible strategies for improving detection of exotic insects. (1) What constrains the development of traps having an extended range of attraction. (2) Is the trap's detection sensitivity influenced by the failure of some insects attracted to a trap to be captured. (3) What empirical and simulation techniques can be used to enhance our understanding of the meaning zero trap catch and to optimize spatial patterns of deployment. Selected evidence from a variety of survey and detection cases is considered, but examples relate mainly to survey methods used to detect the spread and invasion of the gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar), which is a species of special interest. It is concluded that improvements in the technology of trapping are attainable with simple behavioral assays. Such improvements should lower the cost of surveys and enhance their reliability. Correlation of negative trap catch with the probability of missing an incipient infestation remains at the heart of survey interpretation. Mark-recapture protocols and simulation modeling are two techniques that should prove useful for improving patterns of trap deployment and interpretation of survey results.