Impact of Aircraft Emissions on Air Quality in the Vicinity of Airports. Volume 3. Air Quality and Emission Modeling Needs

摘要

The first part of this report addresses the status of the AVAP (Airport Vicinity Air Pollution) model and AQAM (Air Quality Assessment Model) from the perspective of the modeling requirements of users concerned with air-quality problems in civilian and military aviation. Brief descriptions of the types of problems likely to be encountered is followed by a detailed discussion of those characteristics of the problems that determine the technical requirements for the applicable computation procedures or models. This is followed by a discussion of the operational or user requirements of the models. Then a review and evaluation of the AVAP model and AQAM is given that includes a discussion of their intended uses, strengths, and weaknesses. The methods used by the two models to treat various aspects of the emission and dispersion are compared, and the best methods are selected, or alternatives are recommended where appropriate. The latter portion of the report addresses the future needs. Because of the number of interrelated problems and decisions required to meet these needs, a systematic approach to the problem in the form of a 'decision tree' is presented. The final section contains an outline of a proposed new computational system that should alleviate at least some of the problems identified in earlier sections. Two objections were paramount in the new design: to make the model easier to use and to be able to implement the model on modern, small computers.