Cognitive Principles for Instructional Design

摘要

This final report summarizes briefly work done to formulate and test some cognitively-based principles useful for designing instruction in scientific or engineering fields. These principles stress particularly the coherence and interpretability of the knowledge acquired by students. The principles were specifically applied to analyze the underlying knowledge and thought processes needed to interpret scientific concepts effectively; to investigate how actual experts and novice students interpret such concepts; and to devise and test instruction designed to teach such concepts more effectively. Attempts were also made to devise computational environments to explore and implement these instructional ideas.