Burn Rate Mechanisms. Volume 2. A Model for Ammonium Nitrate Propellant Combustion

摘要

When the space shuttle is launched, each Solid Rocket Motor (SRM) booster generates approximately 100 tons of HCI in the exhaust. Thus, with the two boosters, over 200 tons of HCI is generated from each space shuttle launch. The HCI presents several potential problems. The HOI provides nucleation sites for moisture in the air - with the result being the condensed, hydrated form of hydrochloric acid (HCI.H2O). The resultant acid cloud results in a very visible cloud which through further condensation can result in acid rain. The acid rain is obviously detrimental to both plant and animal life dependent on the concentration levels it achieves as it reaches the ground. In addition, at higher elevations, the HOI can react with the protective layer of ozone causing a degradation of some of the ozone. The HO comes from the AR (ammonium perchlorate) which is the oxidizer in the solid propellant for the 5PM boosters. The SRM propellant contains approximately 70% AP which generates slightly more than 21 weight percent HG in the exhaust gases. For these reasons it is desirable to find a replacement for the AP to eliminate the HCI in the rocket exhaust.