Rapid Development of Microbial Strains for Bioremediation of Military Soils and Dredged Materials Contaminated with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons.

摘要

A study was undertaken to rapidly obtain native microorganisms Or consortia (groups of microorganisms acting together to remove a contaminant or groups of contaminants) with the ability to degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds (PAHs) in soils and sediments subject to aerobic biological treatment. A screening test was developed to select those microorganisms active against the broadest spectrum of Priority PAHs (those PAHs present in highest concentration). Particular emphasis was also placed on selecting those microorganisms able to degrade PAH compounds normally resistant to biological treatment (pyrene, for example). Selected microorganisms were further examined to determine requirements for organic nutrients in addition to specific PAH(s) and to assess their ability to mineralize representative priority PAHS. Based on the results of this work, a single microorganism was selected for use in a bioslurry testing. In this procedure, the selected microorganism was grown up in large quantity and added back to the soil of origin as part of a biotreatment process. When added to previously sterilized soil slurry, the selected microorganism demonstrated significant removal of two of the four priority PAHs and slight removal of the remaining compounds in a 4-week period. When this microorganism was used in a soil slurry in combination with the native soil microbial populations, the levels of all four priority PAHs decreased significantly in the 4-week treatment period. The selected microorganism in the sterile soil treatment removed Bacterium, Degradation, PAH, Bioremediation, Fungi, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. Biotreatment, Microorganism(s).