SYNTHETIC ZEOLITES. STRUCTURES, CLASSIFICATION, PROPERTIES, SYNTHESIS, INDUSTRIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS

摘要

Nowadays, the increasing interest in zeolite synthesis from low-cost materials has promoted the development of various studies on their conversion into zeolitic materials, giving rise to an extensive literature. The enhancing demands for a healthy environment, particularly with regards to high quality drinking water and removal of pollutants from industrial, agricultural and municipal wastewater, are a major reason to search for new materials. Nearly every application of zeolites has driven by environmental concerns, or plays a significant role in reducing toxic waste and energy consumption. Because of their unique porous properties, zeolites are used in a variety of applications with a global market of several million tonnes per year. Major uses are in petrochemical cracking, ion-exchange (water softening and purification), and in the separation and removal of gases and solvents. Other applications are in construction, agriculture, animal husbandry, medicine, etc. A brief overview of the zeolite fields of industrial and environmental applications covering the fundamentals and recent developments is proposed.