What's new In anterior cruciate ligament surgery?

摘要

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury is relatively common. There is increasing awareness of the normal anatomy of the ACL and the need for reconstruction to replicate the normal anatomy. The ACL may be reconstructed as a single bundle or as a double bundle with restoration of the antero-medial and postero-lateral bundles. The postero-lateral bundle is most effective in providing stability of knee rotation.ACL injury is more common in females and there are preventative programmes attempting to reduce the frequency of ACL injury in high risk groups.The mainstay of diagnosis of ACL injury is clinical, with supportive evidence provided by MRI scanning. Rehabilitation, as conservative treatment or in association with ACL reconstruction is paramount, with restoration of symmetry essential prior to ACL reconstruction.Graft choice and fixation methods are of importance with respect to the rehabilitation regimes employed but are not necessarily the most important factors in providing a successful ACL reconstruction. Restoration of the natural degree of hyperextension is crucial to a good outcome. Meniscal pathology is different in the ACL-deficient knee to the ACL-intact knee and many tears heal without intervention after stabilization of the knee.