Characteristics of Flavonol Glycosides and Terpene Lactones Contents from the Leaf Extract of Grafted Ginkgo biloba According to the Sites of Their Mother Trees

摘要

Ginkgo tree, Ginkgo biloba L. is a dioecious, coniferous species which is valuable for timber, nuts and high tolerance to air pollution. Also, this species is one of the tree species increasingly explored by medicinal chemists due to its pharmaceutically active leaf terpenes and flavonoids. To clarify the contents of flavonol glycosides and terpene lactones in the leaf, the clonal grafts having the large fruit and high productivity were planted in the same place, and compared with the sites effect oftheir mother trees. The flavonol glycosides contents showed significant difference among sites of their mother trees; The leaf extracts collected from Jeonnam and Chungnam had higher amounts of flavonol glycosides than those collected from Gyeonggi, China and Chungbuk. However, no significant difference was found in the amount of terpene lactones of extracts among sites of their mother tree. Superior seed bearing trees contented more terpene lactones with significant difference than those of the control trees, but the flavonol glycoside contents didn't show significant difference between both of them. The contents of terpene lactones in Ginkgo tree leaf were less affected on sites effect than that of flavonol glycosides. In these result, we can suppose that selection of Ginkgo tree getting higher contents of terpene lactones is to get high extraction efficiency for useful substances from the leaf extract.