Soaking Treatment Increases Survival of Black Willow Posts in a Large-Scale Field Study

摘要

Natural hydrologic cycles in rivers have been, drastically altered to drain valuable land for agriculture and urban development, reduce flooding, and improve navigation (Allen 1997). As a result more than 80 percent of North American riparian habitat has been damaged during the past 200 years (Naiman and others 1993). Severely damaged riparian ecosystems often require active restoration strategies, including the reintroduction of native pioneer, woody species, such as black willow (Salix nigra) (Shields and others 1995a, Middleton 1999).